Reverse Iron Cross Push-Up

Reverse iron cross push-ups are an advanced bodyweight exercise that targets the entire upper body. This move uniquely teaches you to engage the mid-back at the move’s peak to build superior shoulder strength.

That is because, while most standard push-up variations have us facing the floor, we lay facing upward for this move. This position enables you to target your shoulders, rotator cuff, and inner back while developing a strong upper core.

Follow this guide for a concise step-by-step breakdown of how to perform reverse iron cross push-ups.

How To Do

  1. Start by laying flat on your back.
  2. Bend your knees pointing upward.
  3. Place both feet flat and close to your buttocks.
  4. Extend each arm straight outward in a T shape flat on the floor.
  5. Ball your hands into strong fists.
  6. Inhale to draw in your belly and tighten your core slightly.
  7. Exhale and squeeze your shoulder blades together, lifting your upper back from the floor until your elbows also lift from the floor.
  8. Lower yourself down until both elbows and head make contact with the floor.

Tips From Expert

  • Both your legs should be at 90 degrees with your feet flat on the floor throughout the movement. This is the correct exercise position.
  • Use a mat or padded area to improve exercise comfort.
  • Your arms should be at 90 degrees directly out to the sides of your body with your hands forward. This provides a stable position to work form.
  • Maintain a neutral neck position as you bring your back off the floor. This limits the potential for neck stress.
  • Avoid bringing your lower back off the floor. This keeps targeted muscle activation and reduces lower back stress.

Optimal Sets and Reps

Now that we have covered the exercise basics, let's focus on incorporating reverse iron cross push-ups into your weekly program.

Training Type Sets Reps
Strength Training 3–6 8–15
Hypertrophy 3–4 6–12
Endurance Training 2–4 12–20+
Power Training 2–5 3–7 (Explosive)
Optimal Sets & Reps of Reverse Iron Cross Push-Up

How to Put in Your Workout Split

Reverse iron cross push-ups make excellent standalone exercises and are superb for supersets. Supersets maximize your gym time and gains by efficiently combining exercises and optimizing recovery.

  • Full Body — this move on a hypertrophy or strength-focus back day for greater gains. Do a strength set of reverse iron cross push-ups during active recovery directly after each set of bent rows or face pulls.

  • Back Day Split — Perform high-rep-count reverse iron cross push-ups at the tail end of your dedicated back day or chest day. Because the goal of a strength-back day requires maximum recruitment for gains, do these to bookend your workout. This is a great time to pursue reverse iron cross push-up endurance sets seen above as your fatigue increases.

Usually, toward the end of a workout, you may ask yourself how often should I train abs. Luckily these push-ups activate your upper core too. Let’s see how each muscle gets worked in the next section.

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Primary Muscle Groups

Posterior Deltoid

Muscles located at the back of your shoulder. Helps with posture.

Posterior Deltoid

The rear, or posterior deltoid begins at the back of the shoulder blade and connects to your humerus (arm bone). Located at the back part of the shoulder, it is responsible for pulling your arms away from the body and backward.

Reverse iron cross push-ups are among the greatest ways to target rear deltoid muscles, as they require shoulder joint stability.

With your arms wide, your rear (posterior) deltoid is highly activated during traditional exercises like the lateral raise.

This could be translated to a floor exercise with a similar body shape with arms wide like the reverse iron cross push-up. These push-ups provide significant activation for those rear deltoids as the shoulder works to stabilize your body weight.

Secondary Muscle Groups

Middle Trapezius

Muscles located in the middle of your back between your upper and lower traps.

Teres Major

Thick muscle at the lower back of your shoulder blade.

Teres Minor

Small muscle at the back of your shoulder blade.

Infraspinatus

Triangular muscle covering the back of your shoulder blade.

Middle Trapezius

The middle trapezius runs from the upper thoracic spine to the center of your shoulder blade. It is located between your shoulder blades on your upper back. As your shoulder blades come together, your middle trapezius stabilizes your shoulder.

Your best reverse iron cross push-ups require a lot of shoulder blade stability, especially during the top phase. This stability is in part provided by the middle trapezius.

Of the many benefits of push-ups, shoulder stability is key. Stable shoulders correlate to any overall active lifestyle, especially later in life. Weaker shoulders can contribute to injuries. This will impact your function as you age, as this study points out.

Teres Major

Teres major runs from the bottom of the shoulder blade to the upper arm bone (humerus). This muscle handles moving your shoulders into your body and inward rotation. Many overhead athletes damage the teres major from overuse frequently.

In a reverse iron cross push-up, teres major plays a significant role in shoulder stabilization and movement control. This is especially true as you lower or extend your arms in a wide position. During this part of the movement, teres major aids in controlling that backward movement, supporting the shoulder joint.

Reverse iron cross push-ups can rebuild this muscle’s function, making this exercise valuable for long-term shoulder health.

Teres Minor

As a rotator cuff muscle, teres minor helps externally rotate the shoulder and is found above teres major. It runs from the outer shoulder to the top of the arm bone. Having a healthy rotator cuff throughout life is crucial for active people.

In this exercise, teres minor works with other rotator cuff muscles to keep the shoulder stable. This is essential in maintaining a safe position in the reverse iron cross push-up.

By strengthening teres minor, you contribute to actively supporting shoulder external rotation and stability.

​​Infraspinatus

Also a rotator cuff muscle, the infraspinatus provides external rotation and stabilizes your shoulder. It works with teres minor frequently. It runs from the back of the shoulder blade to the upper arm bone. It covers part of your shoulder blade.

Keeping strong rotator cuff muscles is essential for positive sports performance since many athletic movements involve even overhead rotation.

Like teres minor, the infraspinatus contributes equally to various bodyweight exercises that mimic reverse iron cross push-ups. Considering rotator cuff health, these push-ups optimize injury prevention and strength gains.

Equipment

Bodyweight

Bodyweight

Requires bodyweight resistance and additional equipment for proper execution.

Variations

Exercises that target the same primary muscle groups and require the same equipment.

Who Should Do?

Athletes Focused On Shoulder Strength

Shoulder strength is key for various ball sports and overhead throwing sports due to the shoulder’s structure. One study points out there is a lot of force applied to the shoulder during throwing sports movements.

Strengthening the shoulder increases athletic performance. Conversely, shoulder stiffness and poor range of motion limit performance. These push-ups, which again focus on stimulating the rear deltoids and rotator cuffs, boost performance by increasing the range of motion. As stated, all athletic-minded people require strong, mobile shoulders to perform best.

Lifters Who Train With Heavier Loads

Adopt the size principle and use it to your advantage in lifting for growth and strength. According to the size principle of muscle activation, smaller muscle fibers activate first during even heavy lifts. With heavier tensions, these small fibers switch off allowing larger ones to carry the load. 

Here is the rub: on the chest or back day, reverse iron cross push-ups supplement heavy lifting with the size principle in mind. After a set of heavy back, perform the move to hone in on the smaller, slow-twitch fibers. Those fibers are switched off during a heavier lift but require attention for a complete strength day.

These push-ups do not require max tension and thus complement a heavy lift, especially on back day. 

Throwing Athletes, Grapplers And Swimmers

We already established that reverse iron cross push-ups create a stable shoulder. Furthermore,  healthy shoulders are crucial for performance across many major sports. 

Recall the high activation rate of the rear shoulder and the rotator cuff muscles. The demands of overhead sports like swimming or tennis, can wear on a rotator cuff over time. 

Understand: these push-ups combine high rotator cuff activation and the number of rotator muscles used. The result provides a bulletproofing effect for the shoulders — preventative and functional strength. 

Who Should Not Do?

Those With Chronic Neck and Back Issues

Lingering back and neck problems require lower-intensity exercise-related interventions for healing. Higher intensities like these push-ups can worsen chronic back or neck issues. 

If you recall, the neck must be lifted during the move. Also, this move requires trunk and core control which influences the position of the upper back and neck. Any irregular movement, to gut out more reps, can cause the neck or head to jerk.

Excessive neck jerking can cause potential pain in people with pre-existing neck issues. Instead, take time to apply rehabilitative exercises such as controlled scapular movements before mastering reverse iron cross push-ups.

People With Herniated Spinal Discs

Inflamed, bulging, or herniated spinal discs occur in people due to trauma and overuse. Inside your neck, cervical spinal movement is impaired when the discs, which act as cushions, get highly irritated. The discs lay in between the bones of your spinal column and provide protection and movement of the spine. 

Inflamed or herniated upper back spinal discs cause pain and can worsen without rehabilitative measures. Reverse iron cross push-ups require movement of your mid-back and a stable cervical spine (neck and upper spine). As a result, if your discs are swollen and tender, this move can worsen your situation leading to less stability and movement.

Remember: spinal injuries require separate attention from orthopedic surgeons and physical therapists’ conservative measures before performing strength exercises.

Beginning Exercisers Without Much Upper Body Strength

Reverse iron cross push-ups are an advanced move that requires a base of strength. Recall that strength training is progressive: the foundations and results compound over time. Without the foundations of upper body stability and the mind-body connection required, novice lifters will find this move challenging. 

Yet, challenges inside training are welcomed stimuli. However, always look for challenges combined with minimal risk of injury. One study points out that, in athletes, progressive strength training is among the best preventative injury measures.

Spend your initial six to nine weeks building endurance in your upper back via traditional methods like bent rows. Begin with higher reps and incorporate dumbbells to build the mind-body connection. After that work reverse iron-cross push-ups into your regimen. 

Benefits Of The Exercise

Tones Muscles 

Toning muscles refers to improvements in muscle definition and firmness. Muscle tone may improve with strength training. Reverse iron cross push-ups are incorporated into an endurance set or strength set to round out a complete back day. 

A well-rounded workout where each muscle was worked to fatigue yields strength gains. Those strength gains result in a toned muscular upper back as a welcome benefit. 

Improves Stability And Mobility  

Mobility refers to the strength plus the relative flexibility of a joint at many angles. Stability improvements with this move increase, globally, upper body stability. Reverse iron cross push-ups, a functional exercise, directly enhance the movement of your whole kinetic chain when programmed as above. 

Builds Strength

You build strength from these push-ups, by working the rear shoulder and rotator cuff muscles. Strength throughout the triceps, upper back, and shoulders yields performance gains across the entire upper body unit. Thus, doing reverse iron cross push-ups translates to overall gains regarding complex movements across the entire upper body during training. 

Frequently Asked Questions

What do reverse iron cross push-ups work?

Reverse iron cross push-ups work the shoulders, upper back, chest, and triceps with attention to strengthening upper core muscles. Because of the position of your body, these push-ups provide shoulder stability and strengthen the core.

Are reverse iron cross push-ups any good?

Yes, reverse iron cross push-ups are an excellent supplement to a heavy-strength upper body day. As a functional strength exercise, these push-ups provide you with a high degree of strength in the rotator cuff muscles.

How many reps for reverse iron cross push-ups?

Reps for this can vary but are best for strength gains at 6–12 but can be performed at higher reps. Reps of 15+ are perfect for supersets and for those conditioned for the move. Beginners should start with around 8–10 or 12 for four sets.

Should I do reverse iron cross push-ups every day?

Muscles best respond to stimuli during the recovery phases. So it is non-beneficial to perform reverse iron push-ups every day to allow for recovery time. Too much work can cause overuse injuries, too. Focus on performing this exercise two to three times per week.

Resources

Endomondo.com refrains from utilizing tertiary references. We uphold stringent sourcing criteria and depend on peer-reviewed studies and academic research conducted by medical associations and institutions. For more detailed insights, you can explore further by reading our editorial process.

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